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Gaya was a Korean confederacy of territorial polities in the Nakdong River basin of southern Korea,〔(2001). Kaya. In ''The Penguin Archaeology Guide'', edited by Paul Bahn, pp. 228–229. Penguin, London.〕 growing out of the Byeonhan confederacy of the Samhan period. The traditional period used by historians for Gaya chronology is AD 42–532. According to archaeological evidence in the third and fourth centuries some of the city-states of Byeonhan evolved into the Gaya confederacy, which was later annexed by Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. The individual polities that made up the Gaya confederacy have been characterized as small city-states.〔Barnes, Gina L. (2001). Introducing Kaya History and Archaeology. In ''State Formation in Korea: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives'', pp. 179–200. Curzon, London.〕 The material culture remains of Gaya culture mainly consist of burials and their contents of mortuary goods that have been excavated by archaeologists. Archaeologists interpret mounded burial cemeteries of the late third and early fourth centuries such as Daeseong-dong in Gimhae and Bokcheon-dong in Busan as the royal burial grounds of Gaya polities.〔Barnes 2001:188–198.〕 ==Names== Although most commonly referred to as Gaya (가야; 加耶, 伽耶, 伽倻; (:kaja)), probably due to the imprecision of transcribing Korean words into hanja, historical sources use a variety of names, including Garak (가락; 駕洛, 迦落; (:kaɾak)), Gara (가라; 加羅, 伽羅, 迦羅, 柯羅; (:kaɾa)), Garyang (가량;加良; (:kaɾjaŋ)), and Guya (구야; 狗耶; (:kuja)).〔Barnes 2001:182-184.〕 According to Christopher I. Beckwith, "The spelling Kaya is the modern Korean reading of the characters used to write the name; the pronunciation /kara/ (transcriptionally *kala) is certain." In Japanese, Gaya is referred to as Mimana (任那), a name with considerable political connotations. However, a word ''kara'' (から、唐、漢、韓), which is probably from the name of Gaya on the Korean Peninsula of antiquity, has been preserved in Japanese with the sense "China or Korea, mainland East Asia" and, more recently, an even more vague sense of "the nations overseas, foreign country." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gaya confederacy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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